Monopolising

The term to 'monopolise' means to have control fully and exclusively.

With this term in mind, we utilised it's definition to create an ironic nature around the idea of the money theme. By using 'Monopoly' money, we referenced the term 'monopolisation'. It is then ironic in the sense that the characters within our video who are supposed to be representing fans of the ska genre, both of the present time and also potentially the time when ska music was at it's peak, such as the skinhead ska/punk characters from This is England '86, who considering their current economic situation were far from 'in control' of the situation. The economic depression under that government of Margaret Thatcher had caused mass unemployment and so the working class people of the time, including the ska/punk fans such as the characters from This is England, would not have been able to have a direct impact. Because of this, our use of monopoly money ironically highlights their lack of control, considering the term 'monopolising' itself means the direct opposite.

As well as this ironic underlaying meaning to our use of the money, there is also a more direct meaning. The fact that the money is from a board game, monopoly, can also be directly related to our female protagonist. It is heavily implied within the video that she is literally 'playing a game' in order to gain money for herself, as well as being a metaphor for the economic climate and money-grabbing banker situation. Being the strong female character she is, she is in complete control of the game she is playing, which of course is again linked to the term monopolisation so rather than there being an ironic meaning, the use of monopoly money is also presenting the fact that the female protagonist is in complete control of the supposed male characters that she is taking financial gain from.

Inspiration for music video

Throughout the planning and shooting stages of the production of our music video, we took inspiration for a range of aspects including shot types, action and costume from a number of different existing media products. One of our largest influences throughout the planning of our video was the band 'Madness'. Prior to the shooting of our own production, we did a variety of research into similar bands and their own video, which brought us to watch Madness' video for their hit 'One Step Beyond, discussed in greater detail in a previous post. This was the first time in which we as a group had come across a type of dance performed by the band called the 'Madness Walk'. We saw this as a perfect opportunity to increase the appeal of our own video, as well as take the opportunity to have a prominent reference within it. The walk is featured at the beginning of the video as shown below. It was a quirky and interesting way in which to referencesimilar artists,not to mention the fun shooting it!

Another of the references we used, and almost certainly our main reference, was both the film and tv series of 'This is England/'86). To really capture the urban feel of the genre, we wanted to include a number of shots of urban locations and scenes in our concept-based montage and took inspiration from This is England, in particular the scene where Shaun is seen walking along the wall when terraced housing is shown in the background. We focussed on this particular shot to influence two of the ideas from within our own video. Firstly we used the fact that Shaun was walking along the wall, and saw this to be a potential reference. We then took this idea as being from an existing media product and attempted a similar shot ourselves, shown near the beginning of the video (around ) where our acting band are shown walking across the pole in fast motion. We then added a reverse of the same shot directly after (as you can see from watching the video at the stated time) as this added an element of fun and quirkiness, hence conforming to the fun style of the ska genre. The movement of our actors (the way in which they are walking across the pole)can also be linked to the Madness Walk, previously mentioned, as we combined the idea of this scene from This is England with referencing an existing band of the same genre. (image blurred as screenshot from video).

We also imitated this shot in a different way, when focussing on the background setting of the terraced housing rather than the action of Shaun walking. We faced the camera out of a moving car window whilst driving past terraced houses. We used this footage to good effect towards the end of our video (around 2:10) and layered it over the top of other footage we had gathered showing the band 'skanking' (ska dance). This was in order to increase the appeal of the shot by making it more interesting, whilst further boosting it's reasoning to be included in the video by conforming to the conventions of the genre, by featuring the dancing ska-dressed actors on the second layer.

A large theme throughout our video is the use of monopoly money. We thought this to be a very relevant and interesting idea, considering the current economic climate as well as the economic situation at the time when ska/punk music was at it's peak popularity (1980's) as presented in the This is England '86 drama which we focussed heavily on, in which a large theme is that of unemployment due to the government at the time. We felt that by using monopoly money rather than actual money (as well as the fact that none of us have that much cash!), we were presenting the attitude of the characters from This is England regarding the importance of money, highlighting the fact that they saw the entire economic situation as a 'joke', as if it could be a game like monpopoly. For this reason we felt it highly appropriate to use the toy money.

Another reason for our use of monopoly money was to present our video's protagonist, the money-grabbing female. Because of the fact that monopoly is literally a board game, our utilisation of it presents the fact that the money-grabbing female is playing a game, as if she knows which 'moves' to make in order to gain money. It also implies that she is completely in control of this game she is playing, which can be linked to the term 'monopolisation' (discussed in detail in a self-titled post) meaning to be in complete control.

There were a range of shots in our video in which the main focus was around the monopoly money. For example the shot where the female hand is shown grabbing the money from the table. This is a very literal way in which we linked our footage to the title of our video. We also used a low angle shot of one of the male acting band members dropping money onto the camera. This presented how money is being taken from the average British citizen by the money-grabbing bankers as in the shot, the money is falling out of his grasp. It also highlights the idea that the money-grabbing female could be making financial gain from being the stereotypical money-grabber that she is represented as being, by taking money from the male characters. This particular shot was inspired by us watching a music video of a very different genre. From watching the video for 'Oh No' by the indie pop sensation 'Marina and the Diamonds' we discovered a variety of shots where she as the female singer is shown literally grabbing money and presenting herself as the stereotypical money-grabber. It was this particular shot, shown below, where she is shown picking up money viewed from a low angle through a pane of glass, which inspired our shot of the male character in our own video dropping the money onto the camera. This can be used as a direct intertextual reference for our shot, and the fact that we also played the shot backwards directly after likens it even more to the specific shot from the Marina and the Diamonds video where she is picking it up rather than dropping it.

Low angle shot from Marina and the Diamonds video, influenced shot in our own video, shown above.

Other shots involving the use of monopoly money within our production are the stop-motion animations which feature twice within our video. Prior to the shooting of our production stop-motion was an idea that we were considering greatly, and had unanimously agreed that the inclusion of at least a small section of it would increase the appeal of our production. The existing media product that further inspired our idea and pushed us to follow it through by showing us how effective it could be was a video called 'Monopoly Madness', which we came across by searching 'monopoly stop-motion' into Youtube (described in greater detail in a previous post). The video gave examples of ways in which we could use stop motion in a fun and relevant way (relevant as using the money, which relates strongly to our whole theme) so conforming to the fun and quirky concept of the ska genre. The fact that for the stop motion to be effective the editing has to be fast-paced is also a generic element of ska; the fast pace of editing is fitting to the upbeat pace of the track and conforms to the fast nature of typical ska music. Below is an example of the stop motion we used in our final video, using the money to spell out the word 'MONEYGRABBER'.

Responsibilities

Our group for the planning and shooting of the music video consists of four members – Myself, Lizzie, Andy and Harley, however this group will be split into two sub groups for the editing of the videos to produce two differently edited videos. This will ensure that each member gets a larger input to the editing process and are taking up larger roles in it’s production. The majority of research has been conducted individually, though ideas have been shared within the group.

The group will be equally responsible for organising between ourselves, convenient times for shooting and getting actors/props together for shooting. We will all also be responsible for the care of the recording equipment (camera and tripod) during various stages of the shooting process.

Me

With regards to the production of our music video, I will be solely responsible for my own research and input to conventions of the genre to be included in the video. I will also be involved as an actor in some performance and concept aspects of the video, acting briefly as the trumpet player of the band. I will have a large input into the filming of the majority of shots and directing of the video. I will take my turn to be responsible for the looking after of camera and tripod to be brought to school each day and to shoots. Lizzie and I shall take equal responsibility with the editing of our video, using our own knowledge of both genre conventions and the editing programme itself to complete the production.

Lizzie

Will be responsible for both her own, and group input to research into conventions of the genre. She will take up largely a directing role within the group, and be in charge of ordering the actors to perform as looks best on the camera, however Andy, Harley and myself will also have large input into this also. Lizzie will most likely be taking the largest shooting role of the group, as the rest of us act as band members, jointly direct, and film during other shoots where we are not the focus of the camera. She will also be responsible for the looking after of the recording equipment, and have equal input with myself into the editing of the footage.

Andy

Will be responsible for both his own, and group input to research into conventions of the genre. Andy will be one of the main actors in the video, featuring prominently as the band’s guitarist. However he will be contributing as a joint director with the rest of the group, mainly from the lens end of the camera. When we as a group are conducting a shoot that is not focused on Andy, he will be equally taking responsibility for filming shots and directing. He too will have be looking after the equipment, and between Harley and himself will have equal responsibility for the editing of their own video.

Harley

Will be responsible for both his own, and group input to research into conventions of the genre. Harley will feature briefly as an actor as the band’s drummer. He will be equally responsible for the directing and shooting of the production when not the focus of the camera, whilst inputting ideas and thoughts towards shots and concept/genre conventions throughout the shooting and planning process. Between Andy and himself, equal responsibility will be shared for the editing of their own video, with constant input from both members on opinions and physical processes (the actual editing through Adobe Elements).

Shooting Schedules

I drew up these simple shooting schedules as a way of keeping on top of our planning and when we would be shooting, including which shots we shall be attempting, times, equipment and roles etc.

We used them for reference when planning as to keep on top of the shooting process.

The dates are not entirely spot on as some shooting had to rescheduled due to other actors' arrangements and weather etc.

Props (with elements of costume in detail)

Braces

Braces will be used relatively prominently throughout the video worn by both myself and Isobel as actors playing band members. Braces are iconographic of the ska genre, most noticeably in two-tone and ska/punk/skinhead culture, therefore we feel them to be an ideal prop and of near paramount importance to include as part of our costume! A band that can be used as a comparison to our own actors and decision to use braces are The Specials whose front man, Terry Hall, frequently wore them during live performances. An inter-textual reference to our video relating to and influencing our choice to fashion the ska style braces is Shane Meadows’ This is England, where throughout the film many of the characters including Shaun and Milky are seen wearing them.

Lipstick

During one of the montages throughout the video (likely to be near the beginning to make it look as though she is getting ready to go out) we plan to use a shot like this one we’ve taken of Izzy putting on lipstick. We will use red lipstick as it is very iconic of a deviant woman or femme fatale character, and brings about large connotations of a glamorous woman, potentially the type who are likely to be money-grabbing and wealth orientated! We see it as a fitting prop to use as itwould immediately establish the female actor as a perfect fit to this glamorous, money-grabbing stereotype, being the image that we are trying to achieve.

Guitar
For the performance aspects of the video we will be using an electric guitar belonging to our group member, Lizzie. Because of the reason that none of our group (other than Lizzie who prefers to take a more directing role) can actually competently play the guitar, we will be using Andy to pose as the guitarist of the band and mime playing the chords in synchronisation with the track itself to give the appearance of actual performance. It is of my opinion that performance is a vital element of a music video, if only for small appearances, and especially seeing as our video will be a flurry of concept based shots in the form of a montage, it will be important to include them to keep the video interesting.

Trilbies

The trilby hat has been heavily associated with jazz, ska and the two-tone subculture since it’s popularity peak in the early 1960’s. It has been fashioned at times by members of Madness, The Specials, Reel Big Fish and the majority of the cast from This is England. Seeing as it has been so prominent in many famous ska bands and media texts of the genre, and is so widely renowned for being iconic of the genre we felt it greatly necessary to include in our own video, worn by myself, Jack and Andy (actors).

Boots

We dressed myself, Andy and Izzy in Dr Martens style military boots. These are more commonly of the ska-punk/skinhead culture side of ska rather than the two-tone image of our band, however we felt it appropriate to still use them as part of our costume as they represent the ska culture in itself nevertheless, and give connotations of skinhead culture, which instantly links the viewers’ train of thought to the ska genre. Therefore, we felt them to be a significant contribution to the prop and costume element of our video. They were famously fashioned by the large majority of characters in This is England, which highlights their appropriateness and relevance to the genre.

Monopoly money

As well as using the play money in our video for the obvious reason of our song being entitle ‘Moneygrabber’ and the theme of the video being about a money-grabbing woman; there is also an underlying train of thought for including it. When ska music was reaching it’s peak, particularly ska/punk in the 80’s, when Margaret Thatcher was prime minister, the country was in the midst of a depression where many people were getting by with minimal amounts of money and employment was low (this being one of the main themes of This is England (TIE) ’86, so a great intertextual reference!). For this reason, we have chosen to use monopoly money in our production for some quirky stop motion animation, as it uses irony to present how the kind of ska fans like the characters of TIE value money so little, as if to say that it’s not important to them or their ‘tribe’s’ lifestyle, so the use of toy money presents this attitude and lack of need and care for actual money.

Mirrors

We will use mirrors in our production during the close-ups of Izzy when she will mime the lyrics, as if to appear as the lead singer of the band. Rather than simply filming her head on for all of the shots, as not for it to become tedious, we will film some of the shots via a mirror as if she is getting ready to go out whilst singing, i.e. putting on make-up etc. We have taken inspiration for this idea from TIE when the characters are shown getting ready in the mirror.

Initial concept sheet

Here is the concept sheet created by our group in the very early stages of the production, prior to shooting. It highlights particular elements of the genre, concepts and potential shooting angles etc. that we produced to think about before and ongoing throughout the production of our video to refer back to for inspiration. Possible themes for the video, costume generic of the genre, camera angles used in similar genre videos and other similar artists are focused on to spark initial trains of thought for these areas of our own production, and we have kept it for referral throughout the shooting process.

Pitch for promotion of unsigned British band

Steve Bell

One of the main influences towards my inclusion of the theme of the economy and current disastrous financial situation caused by the current 'greedy' bankers and the errors of the government both in contemporary times and the era of Margaret Thatcher when ska music was near it's peak popularity, is the cartoonist for the Guardian newspaper, Steve Bell.

He is renowned for his particularly left-wing views regarding politics and his very distinctive caricatures often featuring politicians. It was upon researching into his cartoons that i realised he could be a good inspiration towards the economic theme of our video as well as being a perfect reference in terms of my digipak, as on the fourth panel i have used a picture of a news board reading 'MONEY GRABBING BANKERS' which can be a direct reference to Steve Bell and his works in the guardian, such as this cartoon below which is playing on the idea that Barrack Obama was needed as a 'shovel' to dig Gordon Brown out of Labor's situation.

This can be used as a direct link to the shot in our own video, where we have used a close-up of some urban graffiti making a reference to the errors being made by the government, whilst also using some word play on the phrase 'War on Terror'.

Stop motion inspiration

We came across this video on Youtube, which sparked our initial ideas into the possibility of a stop motion animation. We felt that the irony of using monopoly money to portray the economic and political climate at the time ska was at one of it's peaks of popularity in such a way was just too fun and good an idea to pass up!

Still photos are taken of the monopoly pieces/money, and are then moved very gradually differently between each still, with the camera remaining in precisely the same position each time (or the process wouldn't work at all!). These stills are then pieced together to form a motion animation where it appears as though the pieces are moving by themselves. The higher the frame rate in stop motions (the more frames on screen per second), the more smooth the animation will appear. This however is not applicable to our own idea as we are moving each note piece by piece rather than over distance, so it would not be possible to make it appear smooth in such a way as this video does.

Having each watched this video we felt that the inclusion of a short stop motion feature could be a brilliant addition to our video, adding a different, quirky element! We then proceeded to experiment with our own monopoly set (Norwich edition for extra detail!), from which our pictures with an explanation are on the previous post.

Monopoly stop motion idea

In our video we are going to include a short stop motion animation featuring monopoly money. We are going to use a continuous film method by taking second-long shots of individual notes being placed on top of one another one by one, and then transfer these onto the editing software to play at one after the other at high speed to make it appear as though they are appearing quickly on their own, one by one. The monopoly notes will be placed such that they will then spell out the words 'money' and 'grabber'. The stop motion effect will make the letters appear at a fast rate, one at a time, to then be coupled with the chorus of the song where the lyrics are 'moneygrabber' so that the word is being spelt out as the lead singer is pronouncing the word. We felt this would be quite a cool and interesting idea to make our video more quirky and appealing, whilst fitting in with the fast-paced mood of the track itself, and connoting the speedy lifestyles of ska youth, linking well with the genre.

These are a few shots of our practice run in one of our media lessons, where we experimented with the idea of stop motion by playing around with various arrangements of the money to see how to best form the letters. We captured the footage onto tape and will possibly use the animation in our final video.

Early Storyboards

These are the early storyboards i have created to show our ideas of some of the main shots that will feature in our video. Due to the fact that we a planning to make the video predominantly concept-based, we do not yet at this stage know the exact orders in which we want the shots to feature, so the shots on these storyboards are in no particular order. We plan to feature them all in a fast-edited montage style, in an order that fits the pace of the track, and fits the lyrics at that particular time.

We plan to feature a variety of performance shots, including close-ups of our actors in role as the band. The first page of storyboards shows a selection of ideas we intend to include.

As well as the performance, we will shoot a stop motion piece of footage consisting of monopoly money that note by note spells out the title of the song, moneygrabber! We will drop the monopoly money onto an umbrella being held by one of our actors as an ironic metaphor to present how money to the youth of the ska genre is scarce, yet they don't care, implying it might as well be as readily-available as rain.

We will also feature signifying shots of the ska genre with a varied array of close-ups, tilt shots and low angles of shops that would be of great appeal and relevance to these particular youth, such as Norwich's 'Soundclash' music store.

A continuous cutting mix of low angle shots of the actors, paired with point-of-view shots of them walking through the streets of Norwich will be fitting of the urban scene with which ska youth are so familiar, whilst giving the impression that they are walking by showing the footage from their perspective.

Moneygrabber - The Skanx: lyrics

Intro
1,2,3,4
numerous huh’s
Oh yeah
Just a money grabber
Come on (x4)
Hey!
Yeah she’s a money grabber out for what she can get
Oh yeah
She’s a money grabber-er-er out for what she can get
Oh yeah
You betta’ watch out or she will get …..
Yeah – e – yeah!
Just a money grabber (x2)
Hey!
Just a money grabber (x2)
Hey!
Just a money grabber (x2)
Hey!
Just a money grabber (x2)
Hey!
Just a money grabber (x2)
Hey!
Just a money grabber (x2)
Hey!
Just a money grabber (x2)
Hey!
Just a money grabber (x2)
Yeah!
She will steal you money and your pride too yeah-e-yeah (x2)
O-yeah you betta’ watch out because she is bad news yeah-e-yeah
You betta’ watch o-o-out because she is bad news yeah!
Many huh’s
Come again, hey (x2)
More huh’s
Instrumental (2.07-2.34)
Huh just a money grabber (x8)
Hey she is poison no no no good for you yeah-e-yeah
She is poison no good no no good for you oh-yeah
She will catch you in her web then you’ll never get loose, yeah-e-yeah
She will catch you in her web and then you’ll never get loose
Huh just a money money grabber, huh huh
Just a money grabber (x2)
Hey hey yeah yarr
Just a money grabber
Yeah yeah yarr
She’s a money grabber
Hey hey
Just another money grabber
Just a money grabber
Hey hey yeah yurr
Hey just a money grabber
Just a money grabber
Hey she’s a money grabber
Just a money grabber ( x10) Together
Just a money grabber (x3)
Money grabber get out of my face, yeah!

Concepts

Due to the fact that our song brings about large conotations of possible concepts as opposed to a good narrative idea, we as a group have decided for or video to go with a more concept-based approach as opposed to a narrative structure.

Our video is going to consist of both concept ideas and shots, as well as performance shots of the actors appearing as the band.

Due to our song being entitled 'MoneyGrabber', it was obvious to us that the main concept that the video would be focused around would be money, featuring a 'moneygrabbing' female character who represents the female lead singer of the band. This factor of our video could be referenced to the completely different yet relevant genre of rap, with Kanye West's song 'Gold Digger', where his main theme is also money-grabbing women!

The main topics of our video are going to be:

- Youth Culture - We will focus on how youth of the ska genre dress, what music they listen to and what their interests are.

- Money - A lot of our footage will be based around this, mainly with the use of monopoly money to present how the youth of the genre have an arrogant approach to the economic situation and are in their own almost 'dream world'

- Recession - A variety of our shots will feature recession-hit businesses, that have been struggling, to highlight the relevance to the genre, as this also links back to when the ska genre was big, when Margaret Thatcher was in power, linked with the poor economic situation this came with.

- Irony - By the use of monopoly money as opposed to real money, this shows how the characters are almost not taking the situation seriously, but are instead all about having fun. Shots of recession-hit businesses linked with the upbeat soundtrack and happy mood of the song is very ironic.

The Band - The Skanx: Background Info

The Skanx are a 10-piece classic ska band from South-east London.

In their own words... "Our music combines classic Ska with influences from funk, jazz and dub. We play a mix of well-known and obscure cover versions as well as our own unique material. The band features vocalists Lori and Wayne, plus the 4-piece Skanky Horns." (taken from their official website: http://theskanxband.co.uk/index.html)

Some of the band themselves in practice, including vocalists Lori and Wayne. Seen with genre-signifying trumpets!

Why choose The Skanx?

At first, our group found difficulty in deciding which band (and even genre!) to use for our A2 project. A lot of this difficulty was down to the fact we had to find an unsigned band as opposed to one of the many already signed for which we had many ideas to choose from. There was also some minor dispute over which genre to pick. In the end we all mutually agreed that a ska/mod approach would be the best way to go, seeing as it is a genre that we all enjoy and could happily get involved in. Once this was decided, we began to research British ska bands, and once coming across The Skanx via their own website (linked above) and hearing their song 'Money Grabber' mutually decided that they would be a good band to use. Some of the reasoning behind this is due to the fact that the song's title and lyrics upon hearing it sparked off a number of initial ideas for the video, being a 'money grabbing' female character. We decided that the song itself was also a catchy tune that we would enjoy working on! It gave connotations of ironic shots of high streets and businesses suffering in the midst of the recession, which we plan to play with in the making of our video.

Costumes

Because of the fact that our video is of the ska genre (particularly two-tone), we have inevitably decided to aim to follow the genre conventions by dressing our actors in costume that is typical of the two-tone and ska punk genre, based upon other texts such as This is England, and similar artists such as Madness. The aim was to create the image of a genuine two-tone ska band and ska fans.

Two-tone costume

For our actor Jack, we have taken the approach of a two-tone ska fan, and dressed him in very much literal two-tone black and white. The classic black suit with white shirt was a very prominent style worn by adamant ska fans, and is very iconographic of the genre. He is also wearing glasses that can be likened to the likes of Suggs fromMadness (although, admittedly less aviator styled!). The classic ska trilby also featuresprominentlyin our video as it too is very iconic of the genre, and is backed up by the fact it is worn by artists of the two-tone ska genre such as members of The Specials. In terms of footwear we opted for a smarter feel which fits into the category of two-tone ska, and for Jack we avoided the military boot look used by other actors that crosses into the sub genre of ska-punk...

Ska-punk costume

Also featured in The Specials’ video performance for their song ‘Too much too young’ are braces that are very prominent within the genre, which is why we unanimously decided to include them in our costume (worn by myself!). An intertextual reference that can be drawn upon from our video with reference to the braces is Shaun Meadows’ This is England where the main character Shaun is wearing them throughout the film. He also wears Dr Martens boots, which are big military style boots, which we also included in our video worn by two of our actors.

We focused very largely on the costume used in both the film This is England and TV series This is England ’86 as we felt them to both be great examples of the particular style of clothing worn by typical ska fans and potential band members. A combination of Dr Martens boots, Fred Perry shirts, jackets and braces helped us to create the ska image we were aiming for. Despite establishing the fact that our band and song are more predominantly of the two-tone ska genre, we felt that using costume from ska-punk/skinhead influences would also be beneficial to the general appearance of acting band members and overall video itself.

Soundtrack: The Skanx - Money Grabber

We listened to a selection of The Skanx's songs having selected them as our band. Money Grabber stood out to be our overall favourite, duly to catchiness and upbeat tune, but mainly because of the connotations the song brings about. Both the name and lyrics brought about a flurry of ideas regarding the composition and narrative of our video. It's upbeat, fast pace is reminiscent of such bands as Madness and The Specials.

Potential Actors!

Friends, Jack Sauverin and Isobel Bailey (whom played the female character in our group's AS thriller production) kindly gave up their time over the holidays to come location hunting, and to get some pictures and small pieces of filming in costume for our early footage.

Jack is a large enthusiast of the whole Ska Punk genre and greatly enjoys the music, so would be brilliant to have as part of our cast! Izzy is also interested in the genre, and has a great eye for fashion so would also be an important asset! She is pole position to be playing the role of the woman in our video who is the main, stereotypical 'money grabbing' female. This idea was brought about obviously by the song title itself and lyrics including 'money grabber'.

Madness - One Step Beyond!

Ska/Ska Punk band Madness with their famous song One Step Beyond. Examples of the 'madness walk', an interesting idea that we thought possible to use in our own video, having attempted on our photoshoot in the previous post, shown at around 1:24.

Initial location and costume ideas photoshoot

Over the holidays, with the help of a couple of our friends and potential actors (Jack and Izzy), our group went roaming the suburbs of norwich, namely the Anglia Square area, for possible location ideas for our video whilst bravely fashioning a few simple costume ideas. These are a small selection of the snaps we collected.







Attempting the 'Madness Walk' as seen in Madness' video 'One Step Beyond'! We thought this dance to be very appropriate as it is a perfect fit to the ska genre we are researching and is also an example of intertextual reference by referring to the fact that it use used in many madness music videos.





We unanimously agreed that the urban background was iconic of the ska/punk era that we are covering, and hence fits the genre well. The extensive amount of graffiti also merges nicely into the genre.

In terms of costume on the day, we experimented with some iconic army surplus boots, large shirts, braces, trilby hats and smart/casual suits. The styles are iconic of the genre and hold an uncanny likeness to those used by the characters in both the film and tv series 'This is England/'86' directed by Shaun Meadows. This being one of the media products we took ideas and inspiration from. The boots, braces and shirts are extremely similar dress.

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